Tucked away in the rugged mountains of southern Jordan lies Petra — an ancient city carved into rose-hued rock that continues to mesmerize visitors from around the world. Once a thriving capital of the Nabataean kingdom, Petra is more than a UNESCO World Heritage Site; it’s a wonder of human ingenuity, culture, and timeless beauty. Visiting Petra is like walking into a living museum, where every carved façade and hidden path tells a story thousands of years old.
A Glimpse into Petra’s History
Petra was founded as early as the 4th century BC by the Nabataeans, a nomadic Arab people who turned the area into a prosperous trading hub. Thanks to its strategic location on the incense and spice routes, Petra became a center for commerce, connecting Arabia, Egypt, and the Mediterranean. The Nabataeans mastered water conservation in the arid desert through intricate canal systems and rock-cut cisterns, a marvel of ancient engineering.
The city's golden age was during the 1st century AD, when it was absorbed into the Roman Empire. However, by the 7th century, Petra was largely abandoned and lost to the Western world until it was rediscovered in 1812 by Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt.
Top Activities to Do in Petra
1. Walk Through the Siq
Begin your journey with a mesmerizing walk through the Siq, a narrow gorge flanked by towering cliffs. This 1.2 km path leads dramatically to Petra’s most iconic monument — the Treasury.
2. Marvel at Al-Khazneh (The Treasury)
Carved in the 1st century BC, the Treasury is Petra’s crown jewel. Its grandeur and mysterious purpose (possibly a royal tomb or temple) set the tone for the archaeological wonders that follow.
3. Explore the Street of Facades and the Theater
Continue past ancient tombs and a Roman-style theater cut directly into the mountain — a stunning blend of Nabataean and Greco-Roman architecture.
4. Climb to the Monastery (Ad-Deir)
A challenging but rewarding hike of over 800 steps brings you to Ad-Deir, a monumental structure even larger than the Treasury. From here, panoramic views of the Petra mountains await.
5. Discover the Royal Tombs and High Place of Sacrifice
Don't miss the Royal Tombs, with their elaborate façades overlooking the valley. For adventurous travelers, the climb to the High Place of Sacrifice offers spiritual insight and breathtaking vistas.
6. Petra by Night
Experience the magic of Petra under a blanket of stars. Three nights a week, the Siq and Treasury are illuminated by over 1,500 candles, accompanied by traditional Bedouin music — an unforgettable experience.
7. Visit Little Petra (Al-Beidha)
Just a 15-minute drive from the main site, Little Petra gives a quieter, more intimate glimpse into Nabataean life, with houses, dining rooms, and frescoes tucked into cliffs.
Best Time to Visit Petra
The ideal times to explore Petra are during spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November). These seasons offer mild temperatures, making the extensive walking and climbing more comfortable. Summer can be extremely hot, while winter nights may get chilly, though the crowds are fewer during these off-peak periods.
Tips for Visiting Petra
- Start early: The site opens around 6:00 AM. Early morning light is perfect for photography, and it allows you to beat the crowds.
- Wear comfortable shoes: Petra involves a lot of walking and climbing.
- Stay hydrated: Bring water and sun protection, especially in warmer months.
- Hire a guide: For a deeper understanding of the site’s history and symbolism.
- Allow at least two days: One day barely scratches the surface; two or more days give you time to explore beyond the main trail.
Visiting Petra isn’t just a tick off a travel list — it’s a transformative experience that leaves a lasting impression on the soul. As you stand before the timeless façades and hear the echo of ancient footsteps in the canyons, Petra whispers stories of a lost civilization that still speaks to the modern world. Whether you're a history enthusiast, a photographer, or a curious traveler, Petra promises an unforgettable journey into the heart of Jordan’s heritage.